19-20-302. Active membership. (1) Unless otherwise provided by this chapter, the following persons must be active members of the retirement system, with the exception that those persons who became eligible for membership on September 1, 1937, or on September 1, 1939, and who elected not to become members under the provisions of the law at that time are not required to be members:
     (a) any person who is a teacher, principal, or district superintendent as defined in 20-1-101;
     (b) any person who is an administrative officer or a member of the instructional or scientific staff of a unit of the Montana university system and who has not elected or is not required to participate in the optional retirement program under Title 19, chapter 21;
     (c) any person employed as a speech therapist, school nurse, or school psychologist or in an instructional services capacity by the office of the superintendent of public instruction, the office of a county superintendent, a special education cooperative, a public institution of the state of Montana, the Montana state school for the deaf and blind, or a school district;
     (d) any person who is an administrative officer or a member of the instructional staff of the board of public education;
     (e) any person who has elected not to become a member of the retirement system and is reentering service in a capacity prescribed by subsection (1)(a), (1)(b), (1)(c), or (1)(d);
     (f) any person who has elected not to become a member of the retirement system, who has been continuously employed in a capacity prescribed by subsection (1)(a), (1)(b), (1)(c), or (1)(d) since the time of the election, and who may elect to become a member of the retirement system.
     (2) A person elected to the office of county superintendent of schools after July 1, 1995, is not eligible for optional membership in the public employees' retirement system under the provisions of 19-3-412 and may, within 30 days of taking office, elect to become an active member of the teachers' retirement system. The retirement system membership of an elected county superintendent of schools as of June 30, 1995, must remain unchanged for as long as the person continues to serve in the capacity of county superintendent of schools.
     (3) In order to be eligible for active membership, a person described in subsection (1) or (2) must:
     (a) be employed in the capacity prescribed for the person's eligibility for at least 30 days in any fiscal year; and
     (b) have the compensation for the person's creditable service totally paid by an employer.
     (4) (a) A substitute teacher:
     (i) may elect to become an active member of the retirement system on the first day of employment in any fiscal year; or
     (ii) is required to become an active member of the retirement system on the 31st day of employment in any fiscal year if the substitute teacher has not elected membership under subsection (4)(a)(i).
     (b) The employer shall give written notification to a substitute teacher on the first day of employment in any fiscal year of the option to elect membership under subsection (4)(a)(i).
     (5) A substitute teacher who did not elect membership under subsection (4)(a)(i) and who subsequently becomes a member must be awarded creditable service for substitute teaching service if the substitute teacher contributes:
     (a) an amount equal to the combined employee and employer contributions that would have been made if the substitute teacher had elected membership; plus
     (b) interest at the rate that the contributions would have earned if they had been on deposit with the retirement system.
     (6) At any time that a person's eligibility to become a member of the retirement system is in doubt, the retirement board shall determine the person's eligibility for membership. All persons in similar circumstances must be treated alike.

     History: En. 75-6209 by Sec. 104, Ch. 5, L. 1971; amd. Sec. 6, Ch. 127, L. 1977; amd. Sec. 6, Ch. 331, L. 1977; R.C.M. 1947, 75-6209; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 221, L. 1981; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 210, L. 1983; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 22, L. 1987; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 296, L. 1987; amd. Sec. 12, Ch. 494, L. 1987; amd. Sec. 6, Ch. 658, L. 1987; amd. Sec. 2, Ch. 56, L. 1989; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 178, L. 1993; Sec. 19-4-302, MCA 1991; redes. 19-20-302 by Code Commissioner, 1993; amd. Sec. 4, Ch. 111, L. 1995; amd. Sec. 10, Ch. 308, L. 1995.