_____________ bill NO. _____________

INTRODUCED BY _________________________________________________

By Request of the ****

A BILL FOR AN ACT ENTITLED: “AN ACT GENERALLY REVISING LEGAL OBLIGATIONS OF COAL-FIRED POWER PLANT OWNERS RELATED TO PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES; PROVIDING FOR THE ACQUISITION OF WATER RIGHTS AND PROPERTY NECESSARY TO PROVIDE A WATER SUPPLY IN A COMMUNITY WHERE A COAL-FIRED GENERATING UNIT IS LOCATED; REQUIRING PUMPING COSTS AND ADDITIONAL COSTS TO BE CONSIDERED IN ENSURING ACCESS TO A WATER SUPPLY AND MEETING LEGAL OBLIGATIONS FOR REMEDIATION; providing definitions; AMENDING SECTIONS 75-8-103 AND 75-10-721, MCA; and PROVIDING AN IMMEDIATE EFFECTIVE DATE.”

BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF MONTANA:

NEW SECTION. Section 1. Coal-fired power generation -- water rights -- conveyance and costs. (1) In accordance with 7-13-4405, a city or town where a coal-fired generating unit as defined in 75-8-103 is located shall procure appropriate water rights and necessary real and personal property in accordance with this section and Title 7, chapter 13, part 44, to ensure an adequate water supply is available in the event that a coal-fired generating unit closes or retires, potentially jeopardizing access to a water supply.

(2) (a) If the operator of a coal-fired generating unit owns, operates, or both owns and operates a conveyance necessary to maintain a public water supply system, as defined in 75-6-102, or owns valuable water rights necessary to supply a city or town with water, the city or town may pass an ordinance notifying the owners, operators, or both that it desires to purchase the conveyance, water rights, or both.

(b) Costs include estimates for electricity necessary to pump water per year over the lifetime of the conveyance in order to utilize an adequate water supply.

(3) The city or town may purchase the conveyance, water rights, or both based on an agreement between the parties.

(4) (a) If agreement between the parties is not reached, then the city or town may acquire the conveyance or water supply under Title 70, chapter 30.

(b) A city or town acquiring property under Title 70, chapter 30, shall pay the amount of compensation to the owners, operators, or both within 1 year from the date that final judgment is entered in the condemnation proceedings.

Section 2. Section 75-8-103, MCA, is amended to read:

"75-8-103. Definitions. As used in this part, the following definitions apply:

(1) (a) "Affected property" means the property owned by or under the control of an owner that is affected by a coal-fired generating unit, including:

(i) land, surface water, or ground water directly affected by the coal-fired generating unit, associated impoundments, disposal and waste operations, buildings, structures, or other improvements or operations infrastructure; and

(ii) areas affected by activities necessary to the closure and dismantling of the coal-fired generating unit.

(b) The term does not include:

(i) land, water, or air affected or potentially affected by emissions from the operation of a coal-fired generating unit; or

(ii) the mining of coal at an underground or strip mine and used at the coal-fired generating unit.

(2) "Applicable legal obligations" means any applicable state or federal environmental laws, including but not limited to the Montana Water Quality Act, rules regarding disposal of coal combustion residuals from electric utilities, the Montana Major Facility Siting Act, and other applicable laws administered by the department in accordance with Title 75. The term includes:

(a) any consent order or settlement entered into by the department and an operator or owner imposing obligations to undertake remediation actions at the coal-fired generating unit or affected property; and

(b) compliance with remedial actions in accordance with 75-10-721.

(3) "Coal-fired generating unit" means an individual unit of a coal-fired electrical generating facility located in Montana, where the unit has a generating capacity that is greater than or equal to 200 megawatts.

(4) "Department" means the department of environmental quality provided for in 2-15-3501.

(5) "Operator" means the person engaged in operating or undertaking remediation actions at a coal-fired generating unit. An operator may or may not be an owner.

(6) "Owner" means a person who has a legal or equitable interest in property subject to this part or the person's legal representative.

(7) "Person" means an individual, partnership, corporation, association, or other legal entity or any political subdivision of the state or federal government.

(8) "Reasonably anticipated future uses" means likely future land or resource uses that take into consideration:

(a) local land and resource use regulations, ordinances, restrictions, or covenants;

(b) historical and anticipated uses of a site where a coal-fired generating unit is located;

(d) relevant indications of anticipated land use from an operator or owner, or both, of a coal-fired generating unit, affected property owners, and local planning officials.

(9) "Remediation" means all actions required by an applicable legal obligation directed exclusively toward achieving a degree of cleanup required in accordance with 75-8-107.

(10) "Retired" or "retire" means the complete and permanent closure of a coal-fired generating unit. Retirement occurs on the date that the coal-fired generating unit ceases combustion of fuel and permanently ceases to generate electricity."

Section 3. Section 75-10-721, MCA, is amended to read:

"75-10-721. Degree of cleanup required -- permit exemption -- financial assurance. (1) A remedial action performed under this part or a voluntary cleanup under 75-10-730 through 75-10-738 must attain a degree of cleanup of the hazardous or deleterious substance and control of a threatened release or further release of that substance that assures protection of public health, safety, and welfare and of the environment.

(2) In approving or carrying out remedial actions performed under this part, the department:

(a) except as provided in subsection (4), shall require cleanup consistent with applicable state or federal environmental requirements, criteria, or limitations;

(b) may consider substantive state or federal environmental requirements, criteria, or limitations that are relevant to the site conditions; and

(c) shall select remedial actions, considering present and reasonably anticipated future uses, giving due consideration to institutional controls, that:

(i) demonstrate acceptable mitigation of exposure to risks to the public health, safety, and welfare and the environment;

(ii) are effective and reliable in the short term and the long term;

(iii) are technically practicable and implementable;

(iv) use treatment technologies or resource recovery technologies if practicable, giving due consideration to engineering controls; and

(v) in the case of remediation in accordance with Title 75, chapter 8, part 1, demonstrate lifetime conveyance costs and access to ensure a local government attendant to a coal-fired generating unit is able to maintain its water supply; and

(v)(vi) are cost-effective.

(3) In selecting remedial actions, the department shall consider the acceptability of the actions to the affected community, as indicated by community members and the local government.

(4) The department may select a remedial action that does not meet an applicable state environmental requirement, criteria, or limitation under any one of the following circumstances:

(a) The remedial action is an interim measure and will become part of a total remedial action that will attain the applicable requirement, criteria, or limitation.

(b) Compliance with the applicable requirement, criteria, or limitation will result in greater risk to human health and the environment than other remedial action alternatives.

(c) Compliance with the applicable requirement, criteria, or limitation is technically impracticable from an engineering perspective.

(d) The remedial action will attain a standard of performance that is equivalent to that required under the otherwise applicable requirement, criteria, or limitation through use of another method or approach.

(e) Compliance with the requirement would not be cost-effective.

(5) For purposes of this section, cost-effectiveness must be determined through an analysis of incremental costs and incremental risk reduction and other benefits of alternatives considered, taking into account the total anticipated short-term and long-term costs of remedial action alternatives considered, including the total anticipated cost of operation and maintenance activities.

(6) The department may exempt any portion of a remedial action that is conducted entirely on site from a state or local permit that would, in the absence of the remedial action, be required if the remedial action is carried out in accordance with the standards established under this section and this part.

(7) The department may require financial assurance from a liable person in an amount that the department determines will ensure the long-term operation and maintenance of the remedial action site. The liable person shall provide the financial assurance by any one method or combination of methods satisfactory to the department, including but not limited to insurance, guarantee, performance or other surety bond, letter of credit, qualification as a self-insurer, or other demonstration of financial capability."

NEW SECTION. Section 4. Codification instruction. [Section 1] is intended to be codified as an integral part of Title 7, chapter 13, part 44, and the provisions of Title 7, chapter 13, part 44, apply to [section 1].

NEW SECTION. Section 5. Severability. If a part of [this act] is invalid, all valid parts that are severable from the invalid part remain in effect. If a part of [this act] is invalid in one or more of its applications, the part remains in effect in all valid applications that are severable from the invalid applications.

NEW SECTION. Section 6. Effective date. [This act] is effective on passage and approval.